Dr. K Elizabeth Reyes Marin

Dr. K Elizabeth Reyes Marin

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Sleep as a Systems Biomarker

AI Is Learning Faster Than Our Health Systems

Dr. K Elizabeth Reyes Marin's avatar
Dr. K Elizabeth Reyes Marin
Jan 21, 2026
∙ Paid

NeuroEdge Nexus · AI, Infrastructure, and the Next Clinical Paradigm


A Night That Speaks Volumes

A 58-year-old patient undergoes a routine overnight sleep study for mild snoring.
Traditional scoring identifies 17 breathing pauses per hour — moderate obstructive sleep apnea. Continuous positive airway pressure is recommended. The clinical loop closes.

But embedded in those same eight hours of EEG, ECG, EMG, respiratory effort, and oxygen saturation data, an AI model identifies subtle, cross-system physiological patterns associated with elevated long-term risk for dementia, chronic kidney disease, and cardiovascular fragility — years before clinical symptoms would ordinarily emerge.

This is not prediction as prophecy. It is systems-level physiological intelligence — currently invisible at the bedside because modern healthcare remains organized around single diseases, static thresholds, and episodic decision-making.


We Have Been Underusing Sleep

— Not Misunderstanding It

For decades, sleep medicine has been pragmatic by necessity.
We measured what we could act upon: apneas, desaturations, arousals, sleep stages. Sleep became a diagnostic checkpoint — does this patient need CPAP or not?

Yet sleep was never only about breathing.

Every night, the human organism enters a coordinated regulatory state:

  • Neural networks reorganize and consolidate memory

  • The glymphatic system clears metabolic waste from brain tissue

  • Autonomic tone recalibrates

  • Cardiovascular rhythms synchronize

  • Metabolic processes shift into repair and maintenance

  • Immune signaling resets

Polysomnography (PSG) has been recording these dynamics for decades.
What we lacked was not data, nor expertise but the ability to interpret sleep as a whole-body functional assay rather than a collection of isolated metrics.


What the SleepFM Study Actually Shows

— Without Shortcuts

Stanford Medicine’s SleepFM, published in Nature Medicine in January 2026, analyzed:

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